The Addition of C, Zn-C, and Sn-C on Anatase Titanium Dioxide (TiO2) for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells Application

Ressa Muhripah Novianti; Natalita Maulani Nursam; Shobih Shobih; Jojo Hidayat; Syoni Soepriyanto

doi:10.55981/metalurgi.2023.686

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The Addition of C, Zn-C, and Sn-C on Anatase Titanium Dioxide (TiO2) for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells Application

Ressa Muhripah Novianti, Natalita Maulani Nursam, Shobih Shobih, Jojo Hidayat, Syoni Soepriyanto

Abstract

DSSC (dye-sensitized solar cell) is a third-generation photovoltaic technology that can convert solar energy into electric current using a photoelectrochemical mechanism. Photoelectrode is one of the significant elements in DSSC, where photoexcited electrons are generated, and serves as an electron transport medium. Anatase titanium dioxide (TiO₂) is often used as photoelectrode material because of its excellent photoactivity, high stability, non-toxicity, environmental friendliness, and low price. Many DSSC modifications have been conducted to overcome the efficiency limitations in DSSC, and one of them is carried out by modifying the TiO₂ via doping. In this study, TiO₂doped with C and co-doping with Zn (Zn-C) and Sn (Sn-C) were prepared using sol-gel reactions, and they were subsequently applied and tested as photoelectrode in DSSC. The results showed that undoped and doped TiO₂ had a porous spherical morphology with inhomogeneous particle sizes. The addition of C, Zn-C and Sn-C dopants has reduced in the crystallite size and the band gap energy of TiO₂. The efficiency of DSSC with undoped TiO₂ DSSC was 3.83%, while the best performance was obtained from DSSC C-TiO₂ with an efficiency of 4.20%. In contrast, the DSSC with Zn-C-TiO₂ and Sn-C-TiO₂ co-doping produced unexpectedly lower efficiency of 0.71% and 0.85%, respectively.

Keywords

DSSC (dye-sensitized solar cell); TiO2; photoelectrode; dopant; efficiency

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.55981/metalurgi.2023.686