PENGARUH MATERIAL COUNTER ELECTRODE PADA DYE-SENSITIZED SOLAR CELL

Natalita Maulani Nursam

Abstract

Sel surya tersensitasi pewarna atau dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) merupakan sel surya generasi ketiga yang teknologinya sangat menjanjikan untuk  untuk menjadi alternatif sel surya berbasis silikon. DSSC umumnya memiliki dua bagian utama, yaitu working electrode (anoda) dan counter electrode (katoda). Counter electrode memiliki peran krusial pada DSSC, utamanya sebagai katalis untuk mempercepat reaksi reduksi-oksidasi pada elektrolit. Dengan demikian, pemilihan jenis material pada bagian counter electrode memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap performa DSSC secara keseluruhan. Platina merupakan salah satu material yang sangat umum digunakan pada counter electrode DSSC dikarenakan karakteristiknya yang hampir mendekati counter electrode ideal. Material counter electrode lain seperti karbon dan poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) juga digunakan sebagai alternatif counter electrode platina yang memiliki harga yang mahal dan persediaan terbatas. Dalam paper review ini akan dibahas mengenai berbagai usaha yang dilakukan untuk meningkatkan performa DSSC menggunakan counter electrode platina, karbon dan PEDOT:PSS. Usaha tersebut meliputi peningkatan aktivitas katalis, konduktivitas, porositas, dan luas permukaan counter electrode. Beberapa penelitian telah membuktikan bahwa karbon dan PEDOT:PSS mampu menghasilkan performa DSSC yang mendekati dan bahkan melebihi counter electrode platina. Pengaruh variasi metode deposisi dan jenis komponen lain seperti fotoanoda, dye, dan elektrolit terhadap performa DSSC dengan counter electrode platina, karbon dan PEDOT:PSS juga dibahas dalam paper ini. Pemilihan material dan komponen DSSC yang sesuai, sangat penting dilakukan untuk menghasilkan sel surya dengan performa tinggi.

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14203/metalurgi.v34i3.489
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