MORFOLOGI STRUKTUR DAN KARAKTERISTIK SIFAT MEKANIK SERTA KEAUSAN BAJA BAINIT DENGAN VARIASI MANGAN HASIL NORMALISING UNTUK TAPAK KENDARAAN TEMPUR [Morphology The Structure And Mechanical Properties And Wear of Normalizing Bainitic Steel With Various Manganese For Track Link of Combat Vehicle]

Sri Bimo Pratomo

Abstract

Tapak rantai impor yang digunakan untuk kendaraan tempur menggunakan baja bainite. Baja bainite digunakan secara luas karena memiliki sifat yang keras tetapi tangguh. Untuk memperbaiki sifat mekanis produk cor, umumnya dilakukan proses perlakuan panas normalisasi. Tahap akhir dari proses normalisasi adalah proses pendinginan yang sangat mempengaruhi morfologi struktur mikro. Pengaruh mangan terhadap pembentukan struktur bainite saat ini masih dalam perdebatan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengamati pengaruh kadar mangan dan perbedaan proses pendinginan terhadap struktur mikro, kekerasan dan ketahanan aus dari tapak rantai yang terbuat dari baja bainite. Disebabkan karena terbentuknya massive bainitic ferrite maka kekerasan dan ketahanan aus prototipe tapak rantai yang mengandung 2% mangan menjadi lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan yang hanya mengandung 1% mangan. Pada prototipe tapak rantai yang mengandung 1% mangan dan dinormalisasi dengan pendinginan kipas angin, akan menghasilkan struktur mikro compact bainitic ferrite, dengan nilai kekerasan dan ketahanan aus yang lebih baik bila dibandingkan dengan tapak rantai impor; yaitu 31 HRC, 0,28% dan 28 HRC, 0,52%, masing-masing untuk tapak rantai prototipe dan impor. Struktur mikro dari compact bainitic ferrite memperlihatkan morfologi yang lebih baik bila dibandingkan dengan struktur mikro massive bainitic ferrite.

 

Abstract

Imported track link for combat vehicle uses bainitic steel. Bainitic steels are widely used because they exhibit
hard but tough. To improve the mechanical properties of casting product generally are performed
normalizing heat treatment. The final stage of normalizing namely cooling process greatly affects the change
of microstructure morphology. Effect of manganese in the formation of bainitic structure is still debated. The
purpose of this study was observing effect the manganese content and effect the various cooling process of
bainitic steel track link on microstructures, hardness and abrasive resistant. Due to the formation of massive
bainitic ferrite, the hardness and abrasive resistance of track link prototype containing 2% manganese
becomes higher compared with track link prototype contains only 1% manganese. The track link prototype
containing 1% manganese and normalized by the cooling fan, produced the microstructure of compact
bainitic ferrite that has hardness and abrasive resistance was better compared to imported track link; ie 31
HRC, 0.28% and 28 HRC, 0.52%, respectively for the track link prototype and imported track link. Compact
bainitic ferrite microstructure showed better morphology compared to the massive bainitic ferrite
microstructure.


Keywords

Tapak rantai; Baja bainit; Massive bainitic ferrite; Compact bainitic ferrite; Track link; Bainitic steel; Massive bainitic ferrite; Compact bainitic ferrite

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