KENDALA DAN KEMUNGKINAN PENGEMBANGAN PROSES CARON UNTUK BIJIH NIKEL LATERIT KADAR RENDAH INDONESIA

Arifin Arif

Abstract

Bagian terbesar dari bijih nikel laterit Indonesia yang cadangannya lebih dari 1 milyar ton termasuk pada klasifikasi bijih berkadar rendah. Komposisi bijih kadar rendah tersebut sangat bervariasi, dari bijih saprolit yang tinggi kandungan oksida magnesium dan silikatnya serta bijih limonit yang tinggi kandungan oksida besi dan aluminiumnya. Selain itu bijih limonit juga berpotensi mengandung silikat yang cukup tinggi. Oleh karena itu selalu ada kemungkinan dari suatu cebakan bijih, kandungan total magnesium dengan aluminium dan atau silikat dari bijih campuran tersebut masih melampaui dari batas kritis olahan proses HPAL. Oleh karena itu pengolahan optimal tidak dapat diharapkan hanya dari proses HPAL. Seperti diketahui walaupun kinerjanya tinggi tetapi proses HPAL cocok hanya untuk bijih yang kandungan magnesium dan atau silikatnya rendah seperti limonit murni. Untuk itu perlu disiapkan alternatif berupa proses yang komposisi bijih umpannya dapat lebih fleksibel. Kalau pilihannya adalah proses Caron tampaknya masih diperlukan langkah pendekatan terhadap beberapa kendala yang harus dihadapi oleh proses tersebut bila akan dikembangkan kedepan.

 

Abstarct

The largest portion of more than 1 billion ton Indonesian nickel laterite ore deposits can be classified as low grade. It is informed that the compositions of the ores varies in wide range, with high magnesium oxide and silicates contents for saprolite and high iron and aluminium oxides for limonite. The limonit ores are also potential in containing high enough silicate. Due to it always possible that the total magnesium and aluminium and or silicates contents of the mixed ores deposits are higher than the ore feed compositions critical limits of HPAL, so it is predicted that the optimal treatment would not be achieved if based only on HPAL process. As have been known even HPAL is high in performance but just only suitable for certain ores with low magnesium and low silicates contents such likes pure limonite. For that it requires to provide alternative processes which are more flexible toward ore feed compositions. If the selected process is Caron, still it needs some steps of problems approach that have to be faced for the future process development.

Keywords

Bijih nikel; Laterit; Saprolit; Limonit; Proses HPAL; Proses Caron; Nickel ore; Laterite; Saprolite; Limonite; HPAL process Caron process

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