PEREKAYASAAN ALAT SIMULASI REDUKSI PELET BIJIH BESI BERKARBON[

Edi Herianto

Abstract

Sumber daya bijih besi Indonesia ada tiga tipe seperti besi laterit yang paling potensial, diikuti oleh pasir besi dan terakhir besi metasomatik. Dilihat dari langkanya batubara antrasit dan berlimpahnya bituminus /sub bituminus   di Indonesia serta sifat viskositas slag dari pasir besi tampaknya proses reduksi langsung) untuk mendapatkan  besi  spons (sponge  iron)  adalah proses pengolahan  yang  lebih  sesuai  bagi semuanya.Terkait dengan itu telah dilakukan perencanaan pembuatan tungku reduksi dengan umpan berupa pellet bijih bercampur dengan batubara. Faktor utama dalam proses perencanaan ini adalah kapasitas (skala lab) dan bentuk tungku. Diantara bermacam tungku  yang ada ditentukan yang akan didisain adalah jenis Paired Straight Hearth (PSH) furnace. Diharapkan selain untuk mendapatkan besi spons, reduksi juga   memungkinkan untuk mendapatkan besi nugget. Oleh karena itu tungku didisain untuk dapat bekerja pada temperatur 1200 °C dan bila memungkinkan sampai temperatur 1500 °C. Kapasitas alat dirancang untuk   bijih besi dengan umpan seberat16,7 kg pelet dan menggunakan bahan bakar solar atau gas elpiji.

 

Abstract

There are three types of iron ore resources in Indonesia such like iron laterite as the most potential, followed by iron sand and the last is iron metasomatic ore, where all of them still have not developed. According to the lack of anthracite and the abundant of bituminous / sub bituminous coal in Indonesia, beside the slag viscosity of iron sand it looks that the direct reduction process to get sponge iron (DRI) is more suitable to threat all of the ores. For that the plan to design a simulation reduction furnace for treating coal bearing pellets of the iron ores have been carried out. The main factors in design are the type and capacity of the furnace (lab.scale). Among the kind of furnaces that decided to design is Paired Straight Hearth (PSH) furnace. It is expected beside to get sponge iron, the reduction also possible to get nugget iron. Due to the furnace is designed to be capable for a temperature of 1200 °C and if possible for 1500 °C. The capacity of the simulation furnace for iron ore is designed for 16,7 kg green pellets of feed, and using heavy fuel oil or LPG as its fuel.

Keywords

Bijih besi; Perancangan alat simulasi; Reduksi temperatur tinggi; Direct reduced iron (DRI); PSH furnace; Tunnel kiln; Iron ore; Design simulation furnace; High temperature reduction; Direct reduced iron (DRI); PSH furnace; Tunnel kiln

References

Direct from midrex, 2007/2008”RHF Tecnologies”, Spesial report Winter.

Mikko Angermen, 2004, ”Alternative Process for Iron and Steel Making”,University of Oulu.

Lu,W.K, 2002”Technology of Low Coa l Rate ang High Productivity of RHF Iron Making”,AISI/Doe, Technology Rodmap Program, 15 September.

USA Patent No.60.257879, 2001, Huang D and Lu, W.K,”Paired Straight Hearth (PSH) Furnace for Mertal Oxide Reduction”, Issuedon Juli.

Jack Robert Miller, 1976. “The Direct Reduction of Iron Ore”, America Scientific.

Isao Kobayashi, Yasuhiro T dan Akira U,”New Process To Produce Iron Directly From Fine Ore and Coal”, Engineering Company, Kobe Steel, Ltd, Osaka Japan, www.midrex.com .

Biswas, A.K, 1981,”Principles of Blast Furnace Ironmaking”, Cootha Publishing House,.Brisbane, Australia.

Copyright (c) 2015 Majalah Metalurgi

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